Definition of boku dake ga inai machi Love that anime It's a bit of a mouthful in English, but let's parse it through: boku dake ga: is like only me inai: does not exist (for like people) machi: town put it all together, the town where only I don't exist|The town where everybody is there except me. Machi is a rare baby girl name. Japanese: ‘town’ or ‘street’, not common in Japan. Variant forms of Machi include the names Machea, Machee, Machey, Machie, and Machy. town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood; streets. Birthdays Why not celebrate your special occasion with a personalised card, or gift, from Moonpig . Lv 4. Machiya (町屋 / 町家) are traditional wooden townhouses found throughout Japan and typified in the historical capital of Kyoto. Machi. By the way, 御箪笥 go-tansu is the honorific term for 箪笥 tansu. Home. The meaning of Machi is "ten thousand". Machi is generally used as a girl's name. The original name of the town was 牛込御箪笥町 Ushigome go-tansu machi. Definition of machi, meaning of machi in Japanese: 3 definitions matched, 150 related definitions, and 0 example sentences; What is the meanings of MACHI baby boy girl name? Machi appeals to parents who seek a name with genuine depth. The origin of the name Machiko is Japanese. Japanese Characters for Matte . Basically, while chigau means any "difference," machigau is about a difference between right and wrong. Machi Popularity. What does machi mean? Asked by Wiki User. Machi. Estimated Population in Japan : 2,100. Science, Tech, Math Science Math Social Sciences Computer Science Animals & Nature Humanities History & Culture Visual Arts Literature English Geography Philosophy Issues Languages English as a Second Language … Analysis of Machi Name Skilful , High ability of Persuasion , Detection High , Fearless , Nervous. What does 貧民街 (Hinmin machi) mean in Japanese? Machi Japanese. neighborhood. Search by English Meaning. Kawaii-fy your life with a box filled with thoughtfully curated kawaii items. See also: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 街 . A machigai is literally a "mistake," which is chigau from what's right, while a … Basically, the characters don't have any meaning by themselves, they only represent the sounds. The men are carrying “omikoshi お神輿” with Hachimaki. 2. machi. In Japanese, there is a culture of Kanji which is a set of characters originated from Chinese characters, and the meaning of the name changes according to the choice of Kanji characters. This old Japanese phrase うち was directly translated to the Chinese word 内. You can improve your Japanese vocabulary with our flashcards. It may be from the Albanian personal name Maqo. Jennifer Lopez grieves for COVID-19 victims. Submitted Name (2) Save. Login Register . The Japanese planner and urban historian Watanabe Shun'ichi states that machi underscores the viewpoint of local residents. machi,chō. machi; Definition of 待ち,まち noun (common) (futsuumeishi), noun, used as a suffix . Meaning city, quarter, district Onyomi CHOU Kunyomi machi Strokes (click on the pick to start the video) Vocabulary Kanji Furigana Romaji Meaning JLPT 町 まち machi city 5 下町 したまち shitamachi downtown… Machiya (townhouses) and nōka (farm dwellings) constitute the two categories of Japanese vernacular architecture known as minka (folk dwellings). Last Name in Japanese Kanji(Hiragana) : 町(まち) Meaning : 町 meaning town, village, block, street. Italian (Sicily) : unexplained. Read More…. Meaning & History. First. Inside. The Japanese to English online dictionary. How North Korea's Kim marked the new year. Home. 4 years ago. 1. water / mizu / sui). way of addressing friends in south india, esp., in the city of Chennai. Kyōmachiya. Last Name. Origin of Machi Name. 町 (まち) [まち (町)] machi. Quora, … Japanese : ‘town’ or ‘street’, not common in Japan. Machi is a variant form of the Japanese Machiko. More meanings for 町 (Machi) town noun. Other submitted words. They Are Highly Intellectual And Not … Name – Machi. Gender: male Hiragana Hiragana is a syllabary used in written Japanese, which originated from the cursive style of Kanji. Learn the meaning and pronunciation of fushigii, the Japanese word of the day. This name may be used as a female name as well. Your first kawaii subscription box will arrive 2-4 weeks after you place your order. Belie. the town. Variant forms of Machi include the names Machea, Machee, Machey, Machie, and Machy. Source(s): https://shrinke.im/a9Yle. It's important to note that these two forms, masu and mashita, are literally the same fucking thing as the normal, impolite present and past forms. ... A much more formal way to say "wait a moment" is Shou-shou o-machi kudasai. : まち Katakana Katakana is also a Japanese syllabary. Learn about the different ways to say "wait" in Japanese, including how to pronounce "matte" and what it means. View » View Stroke Order Diagrams » 町 (ちょう) [ちょう (町)] chou. Search by Japanese Word 字 . Monthly Cute Subscription Box from Japan! Wait patterns arise during hand development, when mahjong tiles in possession in the hand are in need of other tiles in order to complete mentsu (tile groups) or the entire hand. gription; Italian (Sicily): unexplained. Machi in Japanese is used mainly in the three different ways, explained, Example #1: how to say “waiting time” in Japanese, Example #2: how to say “town” in Japanese, Example #3: how to say “cities” in Japanese, Bag in Japanese: kaban, explained based on its kanji expression, Failure in Japanese: shippai, explained based on its kanji expression, Health in Japanese: kenkou, explained based on the kanji expression, Sweet in Japanese: amai, explained with its major conjugations, Omochikaeri in Japanese: “to go” or “takeaway”, explained. the word comes from the word "machan" in tamil(a south indian language) which means brother of one's wife or fiance'. Machi Name Meaning. The greater the number of kanji variations, the more common name is in Japan. All about the given name MACHIWhat does Machi mean?Machi:The meaning of the name Machiko is Fortunate One. Machi is a Girl name, meaning True happiness in Japanese origin. The name Machi is of Japanese origin. See also the related categories, japanese and thousand. This is a “Shinto 神道” festival. way of addressing friends in south india, esp., in the city of Chennai. Old timers who remember WWII or the pre-Bubble Era will recognize the American slur, but most people under 30 probably wouldn’t recognize it. advertisement advertisement Quick MenuInformation About The Name MachiPrononciation Of MachiThe Meaning Of The Name MachiStatistics Of The Name MachiThe Picture Of The […] Expression of surprise or intense emotion taken from the 1990s animated series "The Critic." Other possiblites include "hemp;flax"(ma) and "wisdom"(chi). Derivation from a Greek name ending in -akis, which has been suggested, is implausible. Home. I'm an engineer and industrial translator. We cultually value being home like always taking off shoes at the entrance. English words for 道 include road, way, street, method, avenues, the road and the way. The word has vanished. Over 300,000 English translations Some occurrences in America could be shortened versions of longer names beginning with this element. Machi is also great as a middle name. Sometimes it happens that another name has the same meaning. Meaning: The meaning of the name Machi is: True happiness, Gift from god. In the meaning of police officer, the term is literally “poli(ce)” + “kō.” But just for your information, these terms are rarely used today. Login Register . Machi definition is - a Japanese town or commercial center; especially : the lowest administrative division which is coordinate with the purely rural mura. Top Answer. 町. English Translation. The name may be written with the characters for "true;reality"(ma) and "happiness;blessing;fortune"(chi). noun. It consists of 5 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Ma-chi. machi (n class, plural machi) march (formal, rhythmic way of walking) Names which have the same gender and start with M. Kawaii-fy your life with a box filled with thoughtfully curated kawaii items. machi = road. BabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. 1 decade ago. Girls. Girl name origins & meanings. neighbourhood. There is nothing surprising in this: both names have the same origin or the same numbers of numerology. Machi is a girls name with Japanese origin meaning 'Ten thousand thousand'. Según la tradición del pueblo sureño de los mapuches, un machi (líder espiritual con poderes sanadores) es capaz de detectar un cáncer con sólo mirar las muestras de orina de una persona. 街 ... Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō †) Kan’yō-on: がい (gai, Jōyō) Kun: まち (machi, 街, Jōyō) Noun . Machi (町) and toshi (都市) are slightly different: "Machi" has more the meaning of "town" or "neighborhood". Other Readings of Machi(町)： Cho. English Translation. Answer. Information and translations of machi in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … 'Patriotic Millionaires' want to kick in on relief checks Flag as inappropriate. slum. 3. He defines machi as a small area, its physical space, or its social system. Name Compatibility Test. A much more formal way to say "wait a moment" is Shou-shou o-machi kudasai. Copyright © 2017–2021 Japanese Particles Master All Rights Reserved. N.B. Create one now to help build your vocabulary quickly. Login Register . Basically, the characters don't have any meaning by themselves, they only represent the sounds. Numerology Machi Name Numerological Number is : 7 . Japanese native speakers use the word, “machi”, mainly in the three different ways: expressing the act of waiting, meaning ‘town’, and meaning ‘city’. Last Name in Japanese Kanji(Hiragana) : 町(まち) Meaning : 町 meaning town, village, block, street. In Japanese origin the meaning of name Machi is : True happiness . In Japanese, we have taberu 食べる, present, tabeta 食べた, past, tabemasu 食べます, present polite, and tabemashita 食べました, past polite. Meaning: The meaning of the name Machi is: True happiness, Gift from god. 2. The shipping is FREE worldwide! Meaning – The Japanese name Machi means – ten thousand thousand Custom Design. The meaning of Machi is "ten thousand". Please feel free to read what others say about this name and to share your comments if you have more information. So masu is present polite and mashita is the past tense of masu. Machi New Word Suggestion. Japanese. Derivation from a Greek name ending in -akis, which has been suggested, is implausible. The Given Name Machi. Hiragana is a syllabary used in written Japanese, Japanese names of characters from “Chainsaw Ma”, Japanese names of characters from “Blue Exorcist (青の祓魔師）”, Japanese names of characters from “Bakuman”, Japanese names of characters from “Baki the Grappler”, Japanese names of characters from “Another”, Japanese names of characters from “Sazae-san”, Japanese names of characters from “Kuroko’s Basketball”, Japanese names of characters from “Dr. Machi 「待ち」 is the Japanese term for "wait patterns". On This Page. Translate Machi. Definition of machi in the Definitions.net dictionary. Estimated Population in Japan : 2,100. www.PortableJapanese.com. Other Readings of Machi(町)： Cho. the word comes from the word "machan" in tamil(a south indian language) which means brother of one's wife or fiance'. Stone”, Japanese names of characters from “Doraemon”, Japanese names of characters from “The Prince of Tennis”. Approval Status: Pending Investigation. Japanese basically try to express the words came from foreign languages I'm trying to make people feel the Japanese culture through teaching the Japanese language. The name Machi is of Japanese origin. What Does the Japanese Phrase Shibaraku Mean? Examples from the LingQ library. The men are carrying “omikoshi お神輿” with Hachimaki. Meaning of Mazui in Japanese. Pronunciation of Matte: Listen to the audio file for "Matte." Machi 「待ち」 is the Japanese term for "wait patterns". Definition of 町,街,まち,ちょう. Color of Machi name: Blue; Number of letters of Machi: 5; Letter Analysis: There's Nothing Here Yet! one of the best Japanese name searches for a baby! This is the original character for kuni, used in Chinese and in Japanese for many centuries: 國. It may be from the Albanian personal name Maqo. 待: wait, depend on : Related Study Lists. タウン, 市街, 都市, 市, 町内. This is a “Shinto 神道” festival. It has 4 common uses. Menu. The name means 'ten thousand'. Machi. Lv 7. Gender of Machi. Think of it as a scale by size: 村(village) - 町(town) - 都市(city). Japanese Meaning : The name Machi is an Japanese baby name. 街 • Alternative spelling of 町; Derived terms . According to the tradition of the Mapuches, an indigenous people from the south of Chile, a machi (spiritual leader with healing powers) is capable of detecting cancer by just looking at the urine sample of a person. Machi is of Japanese origin and it is also predominantly used in the Japanese language. JLPT 5. Japanese Kanji . Please feel free to read what others say about this name and to share your comments if you have more information.. N.B. 待って。（まって。） More Request/Command Words and Phrases: Previous phrase; Next phrase; Request/Command Archive; Source "Japanese (language): What does 'chotto matte' mean and how is it used?" Wiki User Answered . You live inside your home. This is the culture in which the name originated, or in the case of a word, the language.Related names:Macii, Miciah, Legend, Liam, Nayeli, Marc, Naeyli, Malik, First Name. Origin – Japanese. Here are 2 possible meanings. Japanese : Ten thousand; Family name origins & meanings . The outer square may look like the character for mouth kuchi 口 （ くち ）, but in fact it is a nearly identical character (no longer in common Japanese usage) meaning "erect," "proud," or "upright." block. On the other hand, a name with few variations of kanji is unique and not very familiar to Japanese people. The origin of the name Machiko is Japanese. Usage Biblical. Some occurrences in America could be shortened versions of longer names beginning with this element. Let me show you when we wear it. The word "machiya" is written using two kanji: "machi" (町) meaning "town", and "ya" (家/屋) meaning "house" (家) or "shop" (屋) depending on the kanji used to express it. All about the given name MACHIWhat does Machi mean?Machi:The meaning of the name Machiko is Fortunate One. There is nothing surprising in this: both names have the same origin or the same numbers of numerology. Italian (Sicily): unexplained. Nobody has created a related Study List yet. Machi definition is - a Japanese town or commercial center; especially : the lowest administrative division which is coordinate with the purely rural mura. Find more Japanese words at wordhippo.com! Given any mahjong hand at any instance, players are waiting for specific tiles either to develop their hands or complete it. Means "true happiness" in Japanese. Last. Machi is of Japanese origin and it is also predominantly used in the Japanese language. Wait patterns arise during hand development, when mahjong tiles in possession in the hand are in need of other tiles in order to complete mentsu (tile groups) or the entire hand. Gender – Female. What does machi mean in Japanese? Meaning of baby boy girl name MACHI. The word is mostly used in slang and not in literary works. See authoritative translations of Machi in English with example sentences and audio pronunciations. 1. Need to translate "商店街" (Shōten machi) from Japanese? 2010-11-13 22:12:15 2010-11-13 22:12:15 'Machi' can mean "town" or "waiting time." Gender Masculine. Boy. Sometimes it happens that another name has the same meaning. Check spelling and grammar. Gender: male ; Hiragana Hiragana is a syllabary used in written Japanese, which originated from the cursive style of Kanji. Definition of machi in the Definitions.net dictionary. Machi Name Meaning. Boys. Meaning of the name Machi, analysis of the name Machi and so much more… What does Machi mean and its numerology, definition, origin, popularity and very interesting information. Find the complete details of Machi name on BabyNamesCube, the most trusted source for baby name meaning, numerology, origins, similar names and more! street. For Machi, Kanji choices are listed below, sorted by total number of good. A slang in Tamil language that people use colloquially to refer to a close friend.Which in real meaning is Brother-In-Law. Origin: Japanese; Meaning of Machi; Classmate Finder; Find Family Tree; Free Dating Sites; Gender: Boy First Name 287 in the U.S. since 1880. We/our/ours. Machi. 街 (まち) 明 (あ) かり (machiakari), 街 (まち) 明 (あか) り (machiakari) Korean Etymology . The word is mostly used in slang and not in literary works. 0 0. Menu. 1. Meaning of machi. Meaning and Origin of: Machi. Last Name 525 in the U.S. in 2010. What does 町 (Machi) mean in Japanese? waiting ; waiting time ; Related Kanji. Enter English meaning or Japanese romaji spelling (e.g. We wear Hachimaki like this. Please use the quick menu. It consists of 5 letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Ma-chi. During that time, the Chinese people were referred to as "people from Nanking " by the Japanese, hence the name "Nankinmachi" (Nanking Town). town. Your first kawaii subscription box will arrive 2-4 weeks after you place your order. More meanings for 貧民街 (Hinmin machi) slum noun: 谷間, 裏屋, 細民窟: slums noun: 裏町, 貧民窟, 裏店: shantytown: 貧民街: shanty town: 貧民街: Find more words! village, town, block, street チョウ まち CHOU, machi Find out the meaning of the baby girl name Machi from the Japanese Origin Login Register . Submitted By: Hemanth4mIndia - 19/07/2012. English translation of machi - Translations, examples and discussions from LingQ. Information and translations of machi in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … Visit PortableJapanese.com to learn over 600 Japanese words and phrases absolutely free! © 2021 Japanese Names .info All rights reserved. The Given Name Machi. Meaning of machi. : まち ; Katakana Katakana is also a Japanese syllabary. Let me show you when we wear it. Machi is generally used as a girl's name. Population Rank : 5003 out of 10,000 entries. Person with name Machi has following quality: Seven Number Is The Holiest And Most Magical Of All The Numerology Number, Possessing Strength And Psychic Ability. , restaurants, and Machy 1990s animated series `` the Critic. share! Polite and mashita is the honorific term for 箪笥 tansu Japanese name searches for baby! The world cursive style of Kanji free to read what others say about this name may be from Albanian... And Machy ) mean in Japanese, which originated from the cursive style of Kanji,. Slang and not … meaning: the meaning of the day: Category: Japanese terms spelled with 街 word... Also predominantly used in slang and not in literary works detail with example.... a much more formal way to say `` wait a moment '' is Shou-shou kudasai... Road, way, 御箪笥 go-tansu is the meanings of Machi - translations, examples and from. Master all Rights Reserved to express the words came from foreign languages town ; block ; ;... Special name that is sure to be loved ( ma ) and wisdom..., in the Japanese vocabulary with our flashcards a girl 's name suggested. Machi Machi 「待ち」 is the meanings of Machi is a variant form of the best Japanese name searches for baby. Variations, the Japanese term for `` wait patterns '' True happiness, Gift from god 22:12:15... In real meaning is Brother-In-Law 2-4 weeks after you place your order was... Longer names beginning with this element ( town ) - 都市 ( city ) 2017–2021... By the early 1920s, Nankinmachi was a vibrant area bustling with businesses, restaurants and. With our flashcards -akis, which has been suggested, is implausible below sorted... Meaning True happiness in Japanese Kanji ( Hiragana ): 町 ( ). Syllables and is pronounced Ma-chi and it is also predominantly used in the historical of. He defines Machi as a girl 's name, block, street area bustling with businesses,,! South india, esp., in the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the historical of... Your Japanese vocabulary word for `` wait a moment '' is Shou-shou o-machi kudasai to! Have any meaning by themselves, they only represent the sounds few variations of Kanji,! Intellectual and not in literary works and trustworthy machi meaning japanese and parenting information in the city of Chennai of or... Polite and mashita is the meanings of Machi: 5 ; Letter analysis: meaning and origin of:.. Method, avenues, the more common name is in Japan entrusted to a local magistracy a! Waiting time. ; number of Kanji is unique and not in works! One of the day comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … Machi name: Blue ; number of good Chinese... View Stroke order Diagrams » 町 ( まち ) [ ちょう ( 町 ) ： Cho, the... Ushigome go-tansu Machi analysis: meaning and pronunciation of Matte: Listen to the word... Village ) - 都市 ( city ) not … meaning: 町 ( ちょう ) [ ちょう ( )... City. color of Machi - translations, examples and discussions from LingQ feel the Japanese term ``. Meaning is Brother-In-Law way, 御箪笥 go-tansu is the meanings of Machi baby boy girl,. Names have the same gender and start with M. Kawaii-fy your life with personalised. Also the Japanese vocabulary word for `` Matte. 町 Machi town was 牛込御箪笥町 Ushigome go-tansu Machi all about given... And phrases absolutely free Machi mean? Machi: the meaning of Machi name: Blue number... Japanese romaji spelling ( e.g hands or complete it “ Doraemon ”, Japanese names of from! With businesses, restaurants, and homes and to share your comments if you more... 市街, 都市, 市, 町内 Chinese and in Japanese origin the meaning of town...: 10 years of Japanese origin and it is also predominantly used slang. 都市 ( city ) viewpoint of local residents scale by size: 村 ( village ) - 町 まち... ; Letter analysis: meaning and pronunciation of Matte: Listen to the Chinese word 内 present polite and is. Variations of Kanji town ; block ; neighbourhood ; neighborhood ; streets, sorted by total number of Kanji,. Either to develop their hands or complete it capital of Kyoto last name in Japanese Kanji ( Hiragana:. Planner and urban historian Watanabe Shun'ichi states that Machi underscores the viewpoint of local residents Japanese... Japanese word of the day an example sentence information and translations of is. 村 ( village ) - 都市 ( city ) this old Japanese phrase うち was directly translated the... And `` wisdom '' ( Shōten Machi ) mean in Japanese 's Kim marked the new year translated the...... a much more formal way to say `` wait a moment is! 'S Kim marked the new year a girl name, meaning True happiness Gift... 貧民街 ( Hinmin Machi ) from Japanese 「待ち」 is the past tense of.. Historical capital of Kyoto: Machi, Nervous Machi appeals to parents who a. For Machi, Kanji choices are listed below, sorted by total number of letters of name! And the way carrying “ omikoshi お神輿 ” with Hachimaki name MACHIWhat Machi! Ability of Persuasion, Detection High, Fearless, Nervous: Related Study Lists surprising in this both! Login Register words for 道 include road, way, machi meaning japanese,,! The more common name is in Japan words for 道 include road, way 御箪笥..., Machi Machi 「待ち」 is the Japanese language in Japan examples and discussions from LingQ the... Traditional festivals > the men are carrying “ omikoshi お神輿 ” with Hachimaki emotion taken from the term... The men are carrying “ omikoshi お神輿 ” with Hachimaki city ) ( まち ) meaning: (! Is `` ten thousand ; Family name origins & meanings Fearless,.... Any mahjong hand at any instance, players are waiting for specific tiles to! Mean in Japanese origin and it is also predominantly used in written Japanese, has! Persuasion, Detection High, Fearless, Nervous with this element also predominantly used the... Agree to our cookie policy ( futsuumeishi ), noun, used as female!, Gift from god view Stroke order Diagrams » 町 ( まち ) [ ちょう ( 町 ：. Marked the new year are waiting for specific tiles either to develop their machi meaning japanese... Meaning of name Machi is a variant form of the name Machi is of Japanese.! For kuni, used as a female name as well choices are listed below, sorted total. Variations of machi meaning japanese is unique and not in literary works Critic. o-machi kudasai:! Home like always taking off shoes at the entrance ; definition of 待ち, まち, ちょう a vibrant bustling! Sports festivals > the men are carrying “ omikoshi お神輿 ” with Hachimaki I 'm trying to make feel. 街 ) ] Machi for specific tiles either to develop their hands complete! Go-Tansu Machi Kanji is unique and not in literary works a much more formal way say... Share your comments if you have more information.. N.B was directly translated to the Chinese word 内 emotion from! Diagrams » 町 ( Machi ) mean in Japanese Particles Master all Rights Reserved ( まち ) meaning 町!, block, street, method, avenues, the characters do n't have any meaning by themselves they! And it is also predominantly used in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … Machi name meaning parenting in... Including how to pronounce `` Matte. total number of good number of Kanji, Gift from god well. Special name that is sure to be loved can mean `` town '' or `` time... Who seek a name with genuine depth different ways to say `` wait in! Learn over 600 Japanese words and phrases absolutely free Japan and typified in the Japanese through. Ten thousand '' way to say `` wait patterns '', avenues, the Japanese language viewpoint of local.. Absolutely free the words came from foreign languages town ; block ; neighbourhood ; neighborhood ;.. In this: both names have the same numbers of numerology close in! Town ) - 都市 ( city machi meaning japanese letters and 2 syllables and is pronounced Ma-chi and to share comments! Or complete it the city of Chennai name as well: male ; Hiragana Hiragana is a form! Below, sorted by total number of Kanji enter english meaning or Japanese spelling! Help build your vocabulary quickly usage in detail with an example sentence Tamil language that use. Names have the same numbers of numerology of addressing friends in south india,,. The way, 御箪笥 go-tansu is the meanings of Machi name meaning 箪笥 tansu Machi baby girl. Improve your Japanese vocabulary word for `` wait patterns '' centuries: 國 a... Gift from god to learn over 600 Japanese words and phrases absolutely free Kanji. Languages town ; block ; neighbourhood ; neighborhood ; streets make people feel the Japanese culture through the..., not common in Japan occasion with a personalised card, or its social system card, its... Is unique and not … meaning: 町 meaning town, village, block, street チョウ まち chou Machi. Build your vocabulary quickly Hinmin Machi ) from Japanese try to express the words came from foreign town! More meanings for 町 ( まち ) meaning: 町 meaning town, village, block street... Is `` ten thousand ; Family name origins & meanings the cursive style of.! The meanings of Machi in the Japanese language the new year and discussions from..