The library opened again for visitors in July 2017 and it is now a centre for education and national culture. The site chosen was close to the old library. [27] Directors and principal keepers[edit] • Jean Baptiste LeChevalier (1806-1836) • Charles Kohler ( ? Atlas Obscura and our trusted partners use technology such as cookies on our website to personalise ads, support social media features, and analyse our traffic. The library in which his reading room still sits was the second of two building projects that continue to garner the most acclaim for the architect (the Bibliothèque Ste.-Geneviève being the other). Refer to the accreditation service. The Wars of Religion seriously disrupted the activities of the library. Every weekday we compile our most wondrous stories and deliver them straight to you. We depend on ad revenue to craft and curate stories about the world’s hidden wonders. In 1892, a hoist was installed to lift books from the reserves to the reading room; it is now on display. [24] The ferrous structure of this reading room—a spine of slender, cast-iron Ionic columns dividing the space into twin aisles and supporting openwork iron arches that carry barrel vaults of plaster reinforced by iron mesh—has always been revered by Modernists for its introduction of high technology into a monumental building. The overarching renovating plan involved modernizing and reorganizing the collection in a manner better fit for researchers, while enhancing preservation conditions of the texts contained therein. The Reading Room as it appears today, pre-renovations, Drawing of the Reading Room's inauguration as published in Le Monde, 1868, A view of the Labrouste Reading Room from the days when it contained both books and people. It was to be demolished to make way for the new library. She died in 502 and Clovis died in 511, and the basilica was completed in 520. Its roof consists of nine decorated metal domes supported by slender cast-iron columns. Drawings are displayed on retro, pseudo-drafting tables. Arrondissement von Paris und ist als frühes Beispiel des Gusseisenbaus ein bedeutendes Werk von Henri Labrouste, der die Bibliothek von 1843 bis 1851 nach seinen Plänen erbauen ließ. Enzymes are biocatalysts evolved in nature to achieve the speed and coordination of nearly all the chemical reactions that define cellular metabolism necessary to develop and maintain life. Behind the pink curtain, Au Bonheur du Jour, an art gallery of erotic archives. The Labrouste reading room at the Bibliothèque Nationale, Site Richelieu, in Paris. The building was classified as a national historic monument in 1992. It held the tombs Saint Genevieve, Clovis, and his descendants. The results of the first phase of the two-phase renovation process, expected to finish in 2020, are pretty stunning: The spectacular Labrouste Reading Room … He donated six hundred volumes from his personal collection,. His achievement is one whose combined power and delicacy continues to be cited in textbooks to this day. [12] In 1796, the name of the library was changed; it became the National Library of the Pantheon. If you aren’t a student or a researcher, you cannot enter the room; however, the lady at … Though the library was supported by famous writers, including Victor Hugo and Jules Michelet, the son of King Louis-Philippe was a student at the lycée, and the lycée won. In the 16th and 17th century he library ceased to acquire new books and stopped producing catalogs of its holdings. Other articles where Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève is discussed: Henri Labrouste: The Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, built between 1843 and 1850, is still admired for the attractiveness and restraint of its decoration and for the sensitive use of exposed iron structural elements (columns and arches). The most impressive room is definitely the Labrouste Reading Room. Henri Labrouste (French, 1801-1875). The cathedral stands in New Jufa, Isfahan's Armenian quarter that was established in 1606. In 1537, King François 1st introduces the deposit of any printed book for sale in … A glass partition separated readers from many of the stacks, containing a staggering quantity of information. © 2021 Atlas Obscura. The facade, exactly the length of the reading room, and the large windows, expressed the function of the building. While the settlement on the Ile-de-la-Cité was protected by the river, the abbey of Saint-Genevieve was sacked, and the books lost or carried away. The anticipated completion date is 2020. Inspired by Parisian markets and railway stations, the Labrouste Reading Room is known for the 16, arboreal iron pillars propping up a series of pendentived terra cotta domes. [16] The architect chosen for the project was Henri Labrouste Born in 1801, he had studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts where won the Prix de Rome in 1824, and spent six years studying Italian classical and Renaissance architecture. It is located near the Palais Royal, so it is quite easy to combine both sites during a visit. It was open not only to students, but also to French and foreign scholars. The University of Paris invited several of his collaborators to Paris to begin a new publishing house. It gives you access to all specialized departments at the BnF as well as to the INHA Library (Labrouste Room). [7] The library was brought back to life beginning in 1619, during the reign of Louis XIII of France, by Cardinal Francois de Rochefoucauld. The magnificent restoration of Labrouste’s vaulted reading room, with its iron pillars and pendentived terracotta domes, highlights the technical ingenuity and beauty of the space. Feb 3, 2017 - Explore FDS's board "BIBLIOTHEQUE SAINT-GENEVIEVE" on Pinterest. Quai … The 226 titles and authors included in the 13th century inventory include bibles, commentaries and ecclesiastical history; but also books on philosophy, law, science and literature. The collection of the library had more than doubled in size, and needed more space. Natural ‘zenithal’ lighting filters between these … Inspired by Parisian markets and railway stations, the Labrouste Reading Room is known for the 16, arboreal iron pillars propping up a series of pendentived terra cotta domes. The later computerization of the catalog created space for an additional one hundred seats. It was a major step in the creation of modern architecture.,[20][21] The large (278 by 69 feet) two-storied structure filling a wide, shallow site is deceptively simple in plan: the lower floor is occupied by stacks to the left, rare-book storage and office space to the right, with a central vestibule and stairway leading to the reading room which fills the entire upper story. This article was most recently revised and updated by Amy Tikkanen, Corrections Manager. Access is granted upon presentation of justificatory documents on your research. — Sir Bannister Fletcher, A History of Architecture, p1206. Light filters down into the space by way of skylights, and makes the room’s towering ceilings seem to reach even higher than its five stories. Constructed from 1859–75, Labrouste’s neoclassical masterpiece debuted to much fanfare, both popular and critical. After the Revolution that building had been transformed into a hospital and then a military prison, and was largely in ruins. It also appears as a setting in works of fiction, including in Les Illusions Perdues of Honoré de Balzac, in the novels of Simone de Beauvoir, in Ulysses of James Joyce and the writings of Guillaume Apollinaire. Address. 7r. The library also received collections of books confiscated from nobles who had fled abroad during the Revolution. [11] • The Astronomical Clock (17th century)  • The celestial globe, from the cabinet of curiosities (17th century)  • Ceremonial Arawak baton from Cabinet of Curiosities (17t-18th century)  • Bust of the naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon by Jean-Antoine Houdon (18th century) The Revolution and its aftermath[edit] Following the French Revolution, the status of the Library changed dramatically. During the reign of King Charles the 5th (1364-1380), a special room was fit in the Louvre to house 917 books. Architects Bruno Gaudin and Jean-François Lagneau have been spearheading the renovations since 2008. [5] By the early 13th century the university library was already famous throughout Europe. Offer subject to change without notice. References Henri Labrouste; Corinne Bélier; Barry Bergdoll; Marc Le Cœur; Martin Bressan; Neil Levine (2012). Winner will be selected at random on 02/01/2021. [1] History[edit] Main article: Abbey of St Genevieve The Monastic library[edit] The Abbey of St Genevieve is said to have been founded by King Clovis I and his queen, Clotilde. In typical Labrouste fashion, the architect found a way to harness the strength of one “ugly” substance in order to let other “pretty” materials soar — in spite of their weakness. (c. 1370) The manuscript belonged to king Charles V of France. This exceptional grouping, which will constitute one of the largest art libraries in the world, will hold more than 1 800 000 documents, of which 230 000 open-access books, and welcome up to 411 readers. 782)  • The birth of King Philip-Augustus (1275-1280) (Grandes Chroniques de France, Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Ms. 782, folio 280)  • Illumination in a manuscript of Livy, Ab urbe conduit, showing the foundation of Rome. 2. Oct 7, 2017 - Discover Labrouste Reading Room in Paris, France: This off-limits room in the National Library of France is home to a system of pneumatic tubes, once used to bring books to readers. The primary decorative element of the facade is a list of names of famous scholars. p. 48. [4] From 1108 tp 113, the scholar Peter Abelard taught at the Abbey school, challenging many aspects of traditional theology and philosophy. At the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Labrouste was one of the first to introduce gas lighting into an architectural composition, using … [6] • First page of The Book of Genesis, Bible of Manerius (circa 1185), (BSG Ms.8 f7)  • Illuminated manuscript of the Coronation of King Louis IV of France (1275-1280) (Grandes Chroniques de France Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève,Ms. Between 2010 and 2017, the Labrouste Reading Room has been closed due to a series of extensive renovations. La bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève À travers les siècles (in French). His read- ing rooms are magical spaces. He traveled to Rome, following Napoleon’s army, and arranged for the transfer to Paris of books confiscated from the Papal collections. There is the cast iron tinge of a Labrouste Reading Room, the glistening interiors of Copenhagen’sBlack Diamond, the Brutalist bibliotheques that once sprouted from the grounds of every second university campus. had been students. Many manuscripts were dispersed and sold. This collection should be opened at the end of 2015 in the Labrouste reading room and its surrounding reserves, at the heart of the renovated Richlieu quadrangle. See. This massive library holds what was once largest book collection in the world. The building was completed in December 1850. and opened to the public on February 4, 1851. Boston, Mass. The library contains around 2 million documents, and currently is the principal inter-university library for the different branches of University of Paris, and is also open to the public. Once again using the iron structures for which he is now known, Labrouste positioned 16 iron columns, each only one foot in diameter, at intervals throughout the room to create expansive 10-metre-high spaces. named for the neighboring Abbey church, then under construction, which had also been confiscated and renamed. [9] He was succeeded by Claude Du Mollinet, librarian from 1673 until 1687. The abbey was said to have been founded at the beginning of the 6th century at the suggestion of Saint Genevieve, who selected the site, across from the original Roman forum. The two institutions battled for space between 1812 and 1842. It had originally been occupied by the medieval Collége Montaigu, where Erasmus and Ignatius of Loyola, John Calvin and François Rabelais. [18][19] Unlike earlier buildings, the major decorative element of the building was not on the facade, but in the architecture of the reading room. The reading rooms are part of the BnF Research Library. The iron structure of this reading room—a spine of sixteen slender, cast-iron Ionic columns dividing the space into twin aisles and supporting openwork iron arches that carry barrel vaults of plaster reinforced by iron mesh— is revered by Modernists for its introduction of high technology into a monumental building. A more serious change was made between 1928 and 1934. See more ideas about st genevieve, paris, architecture. Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Paris, 1838-1850. Sainte-Geneviève Library (French: Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève) is a public and university library located at 10, place du Panthéon, across the square from the Panthéon, in the 5th arrondissement of Paris. Later in the century, the American architect Charles Follen McKim used the Sainte-Geneviève Library building as the model his design of the main building of the Boston Public Library. ISBN 978-2-07-013241-6. By 1687 the library possessed twenty thousand books, and four hundred manuscripts. However, the library shared the 18th century building of the old Abbey Sainte-Genevieve with s prestigious school, originally known as the central school of the Pantheon, then as the Lycée Napoleon, and then and today as the Lycée Henri IV. Later in the century, the American architect Charles Follen McKim used the Sainte-Geneviève Library building as the model his design of the main building of the Boston Public Library . Labrouste went on to design the Salle Labrouste, the main reading room in the old Bibliothèque Nationale de France in the Rue de Richelieu, Paris, built between 1862 and 1868. At the same time, the Abbey continued to produce manuscripts illuminated by hand. "The Reading Room is covered with a series of nine pendentived simple domes of terra-cotta, supported by twelve slender columns of iron, aranged in four rows, the outer columns standing close to the walls." February 20, 2018 by Melissa Lim. Labrouste’s library combined two spaces—the serene reading room, with its nine ceramic light-reflecting domes held aloft on attenuated cast iron columns, and the cathedral-like stack room, with its central nave flanked by six stories of book stacks. Again and again, Labrouste returned to the use of iron in his work. 16203, fol. While the collection of books remained intact, the famous cabinet of Curiosities was broken up and some its collection was dispersed to the National Library and Museum of Natural History. • Henri Labrouste – Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève (In French, Standard YouTube License). Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. Like us on Facebook to get the latest on the world's hidden wonders. shevyvision: “Rumored to be the inspiration for Hogwarts, this is the Henri Labrouste Reading Room at Sainte-Genevieve Library. Some features of the old building, including the painted dome, can still be seen within the Lycée. Henri Labrouste: Structure Brought to Light. All rights reserved. National Library of France-Richelieu Site: Labrouste Reading Room (J. Chung) The reading room is named after Henri Labrouste who was the architect of the Imperial library in 1854. However, he had to leave, under suspicion of being a heretical Jansenist. Sign up for our newsletter and enter to win the second edition of our book. [24] It also influenced the design of university libraries in the … [25] As the collection continued to grow, a new annex in the modernist style was added in 1954. 1852. The library possesses a text of the Song of Poliphile published in 1499, with engravings after the drawings of Andrea Mantegna and Giovanni Bellini. Gleason’s Pictorial. The Portuguese novelist Aquilino Ribeiro was a user of the library. Die Bibliothek Sainte-Geneviève liegt am Place du Panthéon im 5. In the new plan, the central bookshelves were removed and tables crossed the room, increasing the seating but reducing the linear effect. 71v). The Museum of Modern Art. His project was confirmed by the Chamber of Deputies in 1843, and a budget voted. [13] The early 19th century[edit] The library continued to flourish in the early 19th century, under the French Directory and then the Empire of Napoleon. Paris: Gallimard. Labrouste is also remembered for his second library project, the reading room (1860–67) of the Bibliothèque Nationale. [14] The fall of Napoleon and the restoration of the monarchy brought new problems for the Library. The framing of Labrouste as an early modern architect doesn't necessarily come to the fore in the first of the larger exhibition spaces, pictured above. Henri Labrouste didn’t only add beauty to the library with the 9 glass and steel cupolas but also functionality with this pneumatic tube delivery system, preserved for all to see. Bibliothèque nationale de France (National Library of France). Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Ms. 777, fol. This 8th-century Bavarian monastery is home to an exquisite Baroque-era library. the slender iron columns and the lace-like cast iron arches under the roof were not concealed; combined with the large windows they gave an immediate impression of space and lightness. However, the Library did manage to retain a large number of objects, including the celebrated astronomical clock, the oldest example of its kind, acquired by the library in about 1695, and a variety of terrestrial and celestial globes, as well as objects illustrating cultures around the world, which are on display in the library today. The number of seats in the reading room was doubled to seven hundred fifty. This resource is enriched by the … To accomplish this, the seating plan of the reading room was drastically changed; the original plan had long tables which stretched the entire length of the room, divide by a central spine of bookshelves, making the room seem even longer. The Library was still attached to the Abbey and the University of Paris, but it ceased to be a library of theology only; by the mid-eighteenth century a majority of the works were in other fields of knowledge. The vestibule was designed to symbolize the beginning of a journey in search of knowledge, the visitors arrives through a space decorated with murals of gardens and forest and passes busts of famous French scholars and scientists. – 1917) • Charles Mortet (1917–1922) • Paul Roux-Fouillet (1977–1987) • Geneviève Boisard (1987–1997) • Nathalie Jullian (1997–2006) • Yves Peyré (2006–2015) • François Michaud (2015 – ) In popular culture[edit] The library’s interior was used as the Film Academy Library for scenes of Martin Scorsese’s Academy Award-winning 3D film Hugo, based on Brian Selznick’s Caldecott Medal-winning novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret, where the title character and Isabelle go to find more information about a film which Hugo did not remember its name (A Trip to the Moon), later both finding out to their surprise that its creator is Georges Méliès, Isabelle’s godfather. In the best of all possible worlds, everyone will get a chance to see this statue in which Voltaire's heart is interred. ISBN 978-0-87070-839-8. The bookstacks, directly to the south of the reading room, were designed, also by Labrouste, as a … Steel trusses of the reading room. [23] Labrouste went on to design the Salle Labrouste, the main reading room in the old Bibliothèque Nationale de France in the Rue de Richelieu, Paris, built between 1862 and 1868. Labrouste also designed building so that a majority of the books (sixty thousand) were in the reading room, easily accessible, with a minority (forty thousand) in the reserves. Boy, were we impressed with the location she chose. In the same spirit, the library and the Cabinet of Curiosities were opened to the public. Books cited[edit] Peyré, Yves (2011). High in the mountains of Kochi Prefecture, a magnificent library designed by a world-famous architect. A new reading room for the library, with an innovative iron frame supporting the roof, was built between 1838 and 1851 by architect Henri Labrouste. • Official website (in French) After architect Henri Labrouste’s death, the library was expanded again to include the Oval Reading Room. Offer available only in the U.S. (including Puerto Rico). Join Atlas Obscura and Tastemade for a journey through the botanical side of Paris, from hidden flower farms to one of France's oldest fragrance houses. Earlier this week, Kate and I had the pleasure of photographing an American expat, Gretchen, for Our Paris Stories. The Reading Room of Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève. At the time of the fall of Napoleon, the library had a collection of one hundred ten thousand books and manuscripts. • https://archive.org/details/bibliothequesaintegenevieve The doctrines originally taught by Saint Augustine, and promoted by Suger (1081-1151), the influential religious advisor to the King, required the reading aloud of scriptures, and specified that each monastery have a workshop to produce books and place to keep them. The texts created or copied included works of history and literature, as well as theology, However, in the course of the 9th century, the Vikings raided Paris three times. External links[edit], Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève. The library was finally expelled from its building. [3] The library was gradually reassembled. Seine Geschwister waren Étienne (17921858), Alexandre (17961866), Marie-Anne (17971885) und Théodore (17991885). Labrouste went on to design the Salle Labrouste, the main reading room in the old Bibliothèque Nationale de France in the Rue de Richelieu, Paris, built between 1862 and 1868. The Salle Labrouste, a reading room in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in the Rue de Richelieu, Paris, and built between 1862 and 1868. Yet perhaps the most fascinating element of Labrouste’s design is invisible to the eye: a huge system of pneumatic tubes designed to bring books to and from readers. This reading room designed by Labrouste has since become the defining image of the library, and bears the name of the architect himself. Follow us on social media to add even more wonder to your day. When the architect Henri Labrouste showed the marvellous reading room of the BibliothèqueNationale in Paris to the public for the first time in the middle of the 19 th century, the enthusiasm of visitors was focused on the slender metal columns and the naturalistic frescoes on the ceilings, with images of trees and squirrels intended to create the impression of reading outdoors. Though similar systems involving pneumatic tubes exist elsewhere, Labrouste made this space-age document delivery service a reality, decades before these other institutions, and his tubes have lasted to this day. No purchase necessary. Since the Lycée wanted the space as soon as possible, all the books had been moved in 1842 to a temporary library in the only surviving building of Montaigu College. The library was designed by Henri Labrouste, a renowned graduate of the École des Beaux-Arts. It was located near the present church of Saint-Étienne-du-Mont and the present Panthéon, which was built atop the original abbey church. Later in the century, the American architect Charles Follen McKim used the Sainte-Geneviève Library building as the model his design of the main building of the Boston Public Library. The legs made of wood spheres are a bit goofy, but the surfaces make for comfortable viewing of drawings and even videos (visible in the foreground of the photo above). The first record of the existence of the Sainte-Genevieve library dates from 831, and mentions the donation of three texts to the Abbey. Du Mollinet founded a famous small museum, the Cabinet of Curiosities, with Egyptian, Greek and Roman antiquities, medals, rare minerals and stuffed animals, within in the library. [15] The Labrouste building[edit] After the expulsion of the library from its old site, the government decided to build a new building for the collection. The early holdings of the library from this time are listed in a 13th-century inventory (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS lat. [10] During the late 18th century, the library acquired copies of the major works of the Age of the Enlightenment, including the Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d’Alembert. Pingré remained as direct until his death in 1796. [22] The monumental staircase from the ground floor to the reading room is placed so it doesn’t take any space from the reading room. [8] The new library director, Jean Fronteau, reached out to writers including Pierre Corneille, and famous librarians including Gabriel Naudé, to update and expand the collection. Around about 1108, the theology school of the Abbey of Saint Genevieve, was joined together with the School of Notre Dame Cathedral and the school of the Royal Palace to form the future University of Paris. The Library of the National Institute of Art History – The Labrouste Reading Room. There’s a reason history regards Pierre-François-Henri Labrouste so fondly: in addition to being among the most important architects of the 19th Century, the man was also a magician of sorts. And this is Paris! In 1790, the Abbey was secularized, and all of its property, including the library, was confiscated, and the community of monks who ran the library was broken up. The Salle Labrouste, a reading room in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in the Rue de Richelieu, Paris, and built between 1862 and 1868. This public library still showcases its former life as a 19th-century church. It was the first library in Paris to be constructed specifically as a library. [26] Notable users[edit] Notable users of the library included the paleontologist Georges Cuvier, the botanist Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, the historian Jules Michelet, Victor Hugo, and the philosopher Jules Michelet. Please click below to consent to the use of this technology while browsing our site. • New Testament from the Abbey Sainte-Geneviève depicting the entry of Christ into Jerusalem Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève,(circa 1525-1530) (Ms. 106 f1r (Entrée à Jérusalem) 15th Century to the 18th century[edit] Shortly after Gutenberg produced his first printed books in the mid-15th century, the library began collecting printed books. ; Barry Bergdoll ; Marc Le Cœur ; Martin Bressan ; Neil Levine ( 2012 ) with the mention Lecteur... Calvin and François Rabelais to add even more wonder to your day the! An American expat, Gretchen, for our newsletter and enter to win the second edition our... The linear effect American expat, Gretchen, for our Paris stories books from the to..., 1801-1875 ) library possessed twenty thousand books, and the Cabinet Curiosities. Was fit in the mountains of Kochi Prefecture, a university library was directed a. 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